Mastitis Symptoms: How to Find Relief From Breast Swelling

Breastfeeding benefits you and your baby, but it can also present unexpected challenges, including mastitis. This condition is characterized by inflammation of the breast that, in most cases, occurs when bacteria from your skin or your baby’s mouth causes an infection. Mastitis symptoms include breast pain and swelling, and the infection can drain your energy.

“Mastitis can be quite uncomfortable for breastfeeding moms, but there’s a lot they can do at home to ease the symptoms,” says Anna Burns, certified breastfeeding specialist and occupational therapist at Beaufort Memorial HealthLink for Children. “One of the most important steps is to keep breastfeeding to encourage milk flow. Mastitis symptoms may worsen if too much milk builds up in the breast. If home remedies don’t work, a health care provider can prescribe an antibiotic to clear the infection.”

Read More: Benefits of Breastfeeding

Who’s at Risk for Mastitis?

Most common in breastfeeding women, mastitis occurs when bacteria find a way into the breast through a cracked nipple or an opening in a milk duct. Bacteria thrive when too much milk accumulates in the breast tissue without draining, which can happen as a result of a clogged milk duct or poor breastfeeding positioning.

Certain factors put you at higher risk for an infection and mastitis symptoms, including:

• Breastfeeding from only one position
• Having sore or cracked nipples
• Sustained pressure on your breasts, such as from wearing a close-fitting bra

Read More: Top 8 Breastfeeding Tips for Lowcountry Mothers

Pain, Swelling and a Flu-Like Feeling: Recognizing Mastitis Symptoms

Mastitis usually affects only one breast at a time. Pain and swelling are common symptoms.

When your breast is irritated, you may notice a wedge-shaped area that’s red and sensitive to touch. Your whole breast may feel warm, and a yellowish fluid may leak from the nipple.

“Some signs of mastitis aren’t specific to the breasts,” says Burns, who hosts a breastfeeding support group. “You may develop a fever, chills and body aches. Nausea and vomiting can also occur.” 

How to Treat Mastitis Symptoms at Home

Mastitis may go away on its own, but if you notice symptoms, you shouldn’t ignore them. Without treatment, a painful abscess may form in the breast tissue, and you may need surgery to drain it.

“Treatment for mastitis can start at home,” Burns says. “To ease breast pain, apply warm compresses and gently massage the sore area. You can also take over-the-counter pain medication. Ensure your bra fits well but isn’t too tight — putting pressure on your breast can make mastitis symptoms worse. Stay hydrated to help your body fight the infection.”

Most importantly, don’t stop breastfeeding, even if it’s uncomfortable. Breastfeeding frequently will help drain milk from your breast. Your breast milk may taste different to your baby — and they may let you know by refusing it at first — but it is safe for them to drink.

When to Seek Medical Care for Mastitis Symptoms

See how you feel after 24 hours of home care. If your symptoms haven’t improved, see your primary care provider or OBGYN. They’ll ask about your symptoms and examine your breast to look for redness, swelling and other signs of mastitis.

Your health care provider may prescribe an antibiotic to treat mastitis. Be sure to finish the entire course of medication to maximize its effectiveness. You should be able to continue breastfeeding while taking the antibiotic, but discuss any concerns with your health care provider. 

Read More: Breastfeeding and Pumping: Managing the Transition With a Busy Schedule

Best Moves for Your Breasts: How to Reduce Mastitis Risk

You may not be able to prevent mastitis, but you can take simple steps to avoid it.

“Using poor breastfeeding techniques can increase the chances of developing a breast infection and inflammation,” Burns says. “If you’re having trouble, seek breastfeeding support from a lactation consultant. They can help you find the positions that work best for you and your baby.”

Other ways to reduce your mastitis risk include:

• Allowing your nipples to air out when you can
• Encouraging your baby to latch onto your breast when their mouth is wide open
• Letting your baby empty one breast at a time
• Using different breastfeeding positions during consecutive feedings
• Wearing a comfortable, supportive bra

Supporting healthy breasts (and breastfeeding) can help you avoid mastitis and enjoy a smoother start to life with your baby.

Experiencing breastfeeding challenges? Find helpful information and a community of moms at Beaufort Memorial with our free breastfeeding support group led by certified lactation counselor Anna Burns. Register today.